ارائه شاخص ایمنی جانشین تصادفات مبتنی بر مفهوم ناحیه تأثیر وسایل‌نقلیه

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه مهندسی حمل‌ونقل، دانشکده عمران و محیط زیست، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 استاد گروه مهندسی حمل‌ونقل، دانشکده عمران و محیط زیست، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار گروه راه و ترابری، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

شاخص ایمنی جانشین (SSM) نقشی اساسی در ارزیابی ایمنی زودهنگام دارد. تحقیقات قبلی ارتباط بالقوه بین SSM و تصادفات جاده‌ای را نشان داده است. چندین تلاش برای توسعه SSM صورت گرفته است. بیشتر مطالعات در زمینه SSM فقط بر روی تداخل‌های جلو به عقب دو وسیله نقلیه که در یک خط حرکت می‌کنند تمرکز کرده است. هدف اصلی این مقاله توسعه SSM جدید مبتنی بر مساحت (ASSM) است که می تواند حرکت دو بعدی وسایل نقلیه را در نظر بگیرد. ASSM رویکرد جدیدی را برای تعیین کمیت ایمنی ارائه می دهد. ناحیه فرضی دو بعدی در اطراف وسیله نقلیه که برای حرکت ایمن مورد نیاز هستند، به عنوان ناحیه تأثیر معرفی می شوند. معادله ریاضی ناحیه تأثیر به عنوان تابعی از سرعت وسیله‌نقلیه بدست می آید و سپس می توان با بررسی میزان همپوشانی و اشتراک نواحی تأثیر وسایل نقلیه مختلف در هر زمان خاص، ASSM را محاسبه کرد. در این مطالعه، تکنیک های محاسبه ASSM توسعه داده شده و برای داده های ترافیک دنیای واقعی (NGSIM) استفاده شده است. یافته ها نشان داد که رابطه مثبتی بین مقدار ASSM و زمان تصمیم گیری راننده برای تغییر موقعیت رانندگی جهت جلوگیری از برخورد وجود دارد. این یافته ها می تواند به درک بهتری از رفتار رانندگی انسانی در شرایط بحرانی کمک کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Development of Surrogate Safety Measure Based on the Concept of Vehicle Influence Area

نویسندگان [English]

  • Akram Mazaheri 1
  • Mahmoud Saffarzadeh 2
  • Seyed Saber Naseralavi 3
1 PhD Student in Transportation Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Civil and environmental Engineering faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Shahid Bahnar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
چکیده [English]

Surrogate safety measure (SSM) plays a key role in early safety evaluation. Previous research has indicated potential associations between SSM and road crashes. Several attempts have been made to develop SSM. Most studies in the field of SSM have only focused on rear-end conflicts in witch the two vehicles move in a just one lane. The principal objective of this paper was to develop a new area-based SSM (ASSM) which can take into account the two-dimensional movement of vehicles. ASSM provides a novel approach to quantifying safety. The two-dimensional hypothetical areas around the vehicle that are required for the safe movement are introduced as the influence area. The mathematical equation of the influence area is derived as a function of vehicle speed, and then ASSM could be calculated by examining the extent of overlap and intersection of the influence areas of different vehicles at any given time. In this study, techniques for ASSM were developed and applied to real-world traffic data (NGSIM). The findings indicated that there was a positive relationship between ASSM and the time of the driver's decision to change his driving position to avoid a collision. The findings can contribute to a better understanding of human driving behavior in critical situation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • surrogate safety measure
  • influence area
  • conflict
  • 2D movement
  • evasive manuever
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