برآورد ایمنی نواحی ترافیکی با استفاده از روش EB و مدل‌های کلان

سلطانی, نعمت; صفارزاده, محمود; نادران, علی; ابوالحسنی, میلاد

doi:10.22119/jte.2019.92671

برآورد ایمنی نواحی ترافیکی با استفاده از روش EB و مدل‌های کلان

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ پژوهشگاه حمل و نقل طراحان پارسه، تهران، ایران

² دانشکده مهندسی عمران و محیط زیست، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

³ دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات

⁴ دانشکده عمران و محیط زیست، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر

10.22119/jte.2019.92671

چکیده

توجه به ایمنی در برنامهریزی حمل و نقل نیازمند دستیابی به شاخصهای ایمنی در سطح کلان میباشد. این امر با انجام مطالعات ایمنی و استفاده از متغیرها در سطح کلان امکانپذیر میباشد. استفاده از متغیرهای کلان، ساخت مدلهای پیشبینی تصادفات را آسانتر و کمهزینهتر میکند. در این مطالعه با استفاده از متغیرها، در سطح کلان، مدل پیشبینی تعداد تصادفات ترافیکی به دست آمد. متغیرهای مستقل شامل مجموع طول شبکه معابر در یک ناحیه ترافیکی، نسبت طول معابر با درجه عملکردی متفاوت به طول کل معابر موجود در یک ناحیه ترافیکی، نسبت طول خطوط اتوبوس به طول کل معابر و چگالی تقاطعات در یک ناحیه ترافیکی در نظر گرفته شد. بر این اساس اطلاعات مرتبط با 16137 تصادف در 96 ناحیه ترافیکی به دست آمد. پس از ساخت مدل پیشبینی تعداد تصادفات، با استفاده از روش تجربی بایس (EB) نواحی ترافیکی از نظر ایمنی الویتبندی شدند و نواحی با بیشترین پتانسیل بهبود مشخص گردید. بر اساس نتایج حاصل افزایش طول شبکه معابر و نسبت معابر با درجه عملکردی شریانی درجه 2 در یک ناحیه ترافیکی موجب افزایش احتمال وقوع تصادف در آن ناحیه، و افزایش نسبت معابر با درجه عملکردی جمع و پخشکننده و محلی در یک ناحیه ترافیکی موجب کاهش تعداد تصادفات در آن ناحیه میگردد. در این راستا نسبت معابر با درجه عملکردی جمع و پخشکننده در یک ناحیه ترافیکی دارای کمترین تاثیر و نسبت معابر با درجه عملکردی محلی در یک ناحیه ترافیکی بیشترین تاثیر را دارا میباشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.20086598.1400.13.1.2.6

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of TAZ safety using EB method and macro models

نویسندگان [English]

Nemat Soltani ¹
Mahmoud Saffarzadeh ²
Ali Naderan ³
Milad Abolhasani ⁴

¹ Tarahan Parseh Transportation Research Institute, Tehran, Iran.

² Department of Civil &amp; Environmental Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

³ . Islamic Azad University, Tehran Science and Research Branch

⁴ Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty, Amirkabir University.

چکیده [English]

Safety consideration in transportation planning requires macro-level safety indicators. This is possible using various variables in macro-level safety studies. Using macro variables lead to easier and less costly accident predictive models. In this study, the predictive model of accident frequency obtained using macro level variables. Independent variables include, total length of the road network, the ratio of the length of roads network across functional classification (principal arterial, minor arterial, collector and local) to the length of all the roads, ratio of length of the bus lines to the total length of road network and density of the intersections in a Traffic Analysis Zone (TAZ). Accordingly, information of 16137 accidents in 96 TAZ collected. Then, the TAZs prioritized based on safety using Empirical Bayesian Method and TAZs with the highest Potential for Improvement (PI) found. Based on the results, increasing in length of the road network and the ratio of the length of road network across minor arterial in a TAZ, increases the chance of an accident occurred in that TAZ and a higher ratio of collector roads and local roads decreases the number of accidents in the TAZ. In this regard, the ratio of collector roads has the least and the ratio of local roads has the greatest impact.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Empirical Bayesian methods
Macro variables
Negative binomial model
Traffic analysis zone

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