تحلیل چندبعدی عوامل روان‌شناختی مؤثر بر رفتار سرعت غیرمجاز در رانندگان جوان: کاربرد مدل معادلات ساختاری

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان
عبدالوهاب حسن پور کردآسیابی 1
فرشید رضا حقیقی 2
حسن دیواندری 3
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی راه و ترابری، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی نوشیروانی بابل، ایران
3 گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
10.22119/jte.2024.458776.2706
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر عوامل روانشناختی و نگرشی بر رفتارهای سرعت غیرمجاز در رانندگان جوان شهرستان بابل، استان مازندران انجام شد. نتایج حاصل از مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری، روابط معناداری را میان متغیرهای روانشناختی و رفتار سرعت غیرمجاز در این گروه از رانندگان نشان داد. یافته‌های پژوهش حاکی از آن است که نگرش راننده نسبت به قوانین ترافیکی (با ضریب اثر 0.71) و دشواری در تنظیم هیجان (با ضریب اثر 0.61) به عنوان مهم‌ترین عوامل پنهان، نقش بسزایی در بروز رفتار سرعت غیرمجاز ایفا می‌کنند. این نتایج می‌تواند در طراحی مداخلات مؤثر برای کاهش رفتارهای پرخطر رانندگی و ارتقای ایمنی ترافیک مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. علاوه­براین، شاخص کنترل داخلی دیگر مولفه اثرگذار بر روی رفتار سرعت غیرمجاز رانندگان جوان (43/0-) بوده و شاخص دشواری در تنظیم هیجان خود متاثر از شاخص خوفریبی پائولهوس در پژوهش حاضر است. یافته‌ها نشان می دهد ابعاد خاصی مانند دسترسی محدود به راهبردهای تنظیم هیجان و عدم شفافیت عاطفی، به عنوان عوامل مهمی در گرایش به سرعت ظاهر شدند. این امر بر اهمیت پرورش آگاهی عاطفی و تجهیز رانندگان جوان به مکانیسم‌های مقابله‌ای مؤثر برای مدیریت احساسات خود در هنگام رانندگی تأکید می‌کند. علاوه­براین، مداخلات متناسب با تفاوت‌های فردی در ویژگی­هایی مانند رهبری، خودمختاری و استواری می‌تواند در ارتقای تصمیم‌گیری مسئولانه و انعطاف‌پذیری در برابر تأثیرات خارجی که ممکن است سرعت را تشویق کند مؤثرتر باشد. با توجه به یافته های پژوهش حاضر، اجرای مداخلات و برنامه‌های آموزشی بتواند در بهبود رفتار رانندگی جوانان از طریق توسعه مهارت‌های تنظیم هیجان، تحریف‌های شناختی، کنترل درونی، و تغییر نگرش‌ها می تواند بر روی کاهش رفتار پرخطر تخطی از سرعت مجاز در بین این گروه از رانندگان تاثیرگذار باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

A Multidimensional Analysis of Psychological Factors Influencing Speeding Behavior among Young Drivers: Application of Structural Equation Modeling

نویسندگان English

Abdolvahab Hassanpour Kordasiabi 1
Farshidreza Haghighi 2
Hassan Divandari 3
1 PhD Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Road and Transportation Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Civil Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

The present study aimed to investigate the psychological and attitudinal factors influencing speeding behaviors among young drivers. Based on the results, the structural equation model revealed several significant relationships between psychological factors and speeding behavior among young drivers. Accordingly, the driver's attitude toward traffic laws and the difficulty in emotion regulation index with effect coefficients of 0.71 and 0.61 were the most important latent components influencing speeding violations among drivers. Furthermore, the internal control index was another factor affecting young drivers' speeding behavior (-0.43), and the difficulty in emotion regulation index was itself influenced by the Paulhus deception index in the present study. The findings indicate that specific dimensions such as limited access to emotion regulation strategies and lack of emotional clarity emerged as important factors in the tendency towards speeding. This emphasizes the importance of fostering emotional awareness and equipping young drivers with effective coping mechanisms for managing their emotions while driving. Moreover, interventions tailored to individual differences in traits such as leadership, autonomy, and resilience could be more effective in promoting responsible decision-making and flexibility in the face of external influences that may encourage speeding. Considering the findings of the present study, implementing interventions and educational programs could improve young drivers' behavior by developing emotion regulation skills, addressing cognitive distortions, enhancing internal control, and changing attitudes, which could impact reducing the risky behavior of exceeding speed limits among this group of drivers.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Young drivers
speeding
Theory of Planned Behavior
Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale
Paulhus Deception Scale
Internal Control Index
  • Arnau-Sabatés, L., Sala-Roca, J., & Jariot-Garcia, M. (2012). Emotional abilities as predictors of risky driving behavior among a cohort of middle aged drivers. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 45, 818-825.

 

  • Bina, M., Graziano, F., & Bonino, S. (2006). Risky driving and lifestyles in adolescence. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 38(3), 472-481.

 

  • Bingham, C. R., Simons-Morton, B. G., Vinodžak, T., Milovanović, K., Zulić, S., Savić, R., & Shope, J. T. (2022). Self-regulation and peer influences as predictors of risky driving behavior among young drivers. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 169, 106583.

 

  • Cavallo, A., Hunter, E. M., & Lepore, S. J. (2021). Emotion regulation and risky driving: Implications for intervention. Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research, 26(1), e12212.

 

  • Conner M, Smith N, McMillan B. Examining normative pressure in the theory of planned behaviour: Impact of gender and passengers on intentions to break the speed limit. Curr Psychol [Internet]. 2003 Sep 1 [cited 2022 Nov 1];22(3):252–63. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-003-1020-8

 

  • Conner M, Lawton R, Parker D, Chorlton K, Manstead ASR, Stradling S. Application of the theory of planned behaviour to the prediction of objectively assessed breaking of posted speed limits. Br J Psychol Lond Engl 1953. 2007 Aug;98(Pt 3):429–53.

 

  • Duttweiler, P. C. (1984). The internal control index: A newly developed measure of locus of control. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 44(2), 209-221. doi:10.1177/0013164484442004

 

 

  • Elliott MA, Thomson JA. The social cognitive determinants of offending drivers’ speeding behaviour. Accid Anal Prev [Internet]. 2010 Nov 1 [cited 2022 Nov 1];42(6):1595–605. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001457510001004
  • Elliott MA, McCartan R, Brewster SE, Coyle D, Emerson L, Gibson K. An application of the prototype willingness model to drivers’ speeding behaviour. Eur J Soc Psychol. 2017;47:735–47.

 

 

  • Forward, S. E. (2009). The theory of planned behaviour: The role of descriptive norms and habit processes in driving violations?. Traffic Injury Prevention, 10(5), 399-405.

 

  • Glendon, A. I., Walker, B. L., & Everett, M. E. (1999). Encouraging pedestrian compliance with traffic signals: A behavioural intervention. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2(1), 1-10.

 

  • Global status report on road safety. (2023). Retrieved February 27, 2024, from https://www.who.int/publdications-detail-redirect/9789240086517

 

  • Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26(1), 41-54.

 

  • Gulliver, R., & Begg, D. (2004). Influences during adolescence on perceptions and behaviour related to alcohol use and unsafe driving as young adults. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 36(5), 773-781.

 

  • Harbeck, E. L., & Glendon, A. I. (2020). Explaining young drivers' over-optimistic perception of personal risk: Optimism bias, stimulus mismatch or both?. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 73, 354-367.

 

  • Horvath C, Lewis I, Watson B. The beliefs which motivate young male and female drivers to speed: A comparison of low and high intenders. Accid Anal Prev [Internet]. 2012 Mar 1 [cited 2022 Nov 1];45:334–41. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000145751100220X

 

  • Huang, J., & Ford, J. D. (2012). Driving locus of control and driving behaviors: Inducing change through driver training. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 15(3), 358-369.

 

  • Iversen, H., & Rundmo, T. (2004). Attitudes towards traffic safety, driving behaviour and accident involvement among the Norwegian public. Ergonomics, 47(5), 555-572.

 

  • Lajunen, T., & Summala, H. (2003). Can we trust self-reports of driving? Effects of impression management on driver behaviour questionnaire responses. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 6(2), 97-107.

 

  • Łuczak, A., & Tarnowski, A. (2014). Validation of selected temperament and personality questionnaires for diagnosing drivers’ aptitude for safe driving. A Polish study. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 70, 293-300. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/ science/article/abs/pii/S0001457514001055

 

  • Meertens, R. M., & Lion, R. (2008). Accident risk and risk-taking behavior among young drivers: A psychometric study of the factors influencing the decision to speed. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 40(4), 1492-1502.
  • Mesken, J., Lajunen, T., & Hartje, J. (2003). A study of emotional regulation and driving. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 35(6), 933-942.

 

  • Özkan, T., & Lajunen, T. (2005). A new addition to DBQ: The Driver Locus of Control scale (DLOC). Accident Analysis & Prevention, 37(2), 265-276.

 

  • Paleti, R., Eluru, N., & Bhat, C. R. (2010). Examining the influence of aggressive driving behavior on driver injury severity in traffic crashes. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 42(6), 1839-1854.

 

  • Paulhus, D. L. (1998). Paulhus Deception Scales. Toronto, Ontario: Multi-Health System.

 

  • Paulhus, D. L., & John, O. P. (1998). Egoistic and moralistic biases in self-perception: The interplay of self-deceptive styles with behavior and trait dysphoria. Journal of Personality, 66(6), 1025-1060.

 

  • Rivis A, Sheeran P. Descriptive norms as an additional predictor in the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analysis. Curr Psychol [Internet]. 2003 Sep 1 [cited 2022 Nov 1];22(3):218–33. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-003-1018-2

 

  • Šeibokaitė, L., Endriulaitienė, A., & Žardeckaitė-Matulaitienė, K. (2020). The relationship between emotion regulation difficulties and risky driving behavior: A meta-analytic review. Traffic Injury Prevention, 21(3), 213-220.

 

  • Tapp, A., Nannarone, M., Ong, A., & Moore, M. (2020). Increasing speeding awareness through a multimedia road safety campaign. Journal of Social Marketing, 10(4), 453-473.

 

  • Sullman, M. J., & Taylor, J. E. (2010). Social desirability and self-reported driving behaviours: Should we be worried?. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 13(3), 215-221.

 

  • Sümer, N., Özkan, T., & Lajunen, T. (2006). Asymmetric relationship between driving and safety skills. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 38(4), 703-711.

 

  • Ulleberg, P., & Rundmo, T. (2003). Personality, attitudes and risk perception as predictors of risky driving behaviour among young drivers. Safety Science, 41(5), 427-443.

 

  • Ulleberg, P., & Rundmo, T. (2002). Risk–taking attitudes among young drivers: The psychometric qualities and dimensionality of an instrument to measure risk–taking attitudes. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 43(3), 227-237.

 

  • Watters, S. E., & Beck, K. H. (2016). A qualitative study of the intervention experiences of young adults in a diversion program for impaired driving offenders. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 96, 261-268.

 

  • Xu, Y., Li, Y., & Jiang, L. (2014). The effects of emotional regulation on risky driving behavior among Chinese drivers. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 73, 125-130.

 

  • Yılmaz, V., & Sarı, Y. E. (2017). Effectiveness of an emotion regulation intervention on reducing risky driving behaviors among young drivers. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 47, 1-9.

 

  • Zuckerman, M., & Kuhlman, D. M. (2000). Personality and risk-taking: Common biosocial factors. Journal of Personality, 68(6), 999-1029.

  • تاریخ دریافت 01 خرداد 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 12 شهریور 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 02 مهر 1403