Analysis of justice in Accessibility to Urban Opportunities by Bus and Car (Case Study: Medical Land-use in the City of Isfahan)

Accessibility, as a factor linking land use with the transportation system, measures the ease of access to urban opportunities and provides the possibility of comparing citizens' use of facilities and evaluating the equality between different people and groups in benefiting from different facilities. One of the urban opportunities is medical centers, which have significant effects on the citizen’s quality of life due to the provision of crucial services. Also, paying attention to sustainable transportation pursuing goals such as the development of public transportation infrastructure, reduction of environmental pollution, and other social costs is important among planners and decision-makers. The purpose of this study is to calculate and analyze the access to medical land uses in the city of Isfahan by bus and car and compare the distribution by these modes on a micro-scale (i.e., the statistical block). In this research, the gravity-based model based on geographical information system (GIS) is used and various transportation costs such as travel time value, vehicle depreciation, fuel consumption cost, and fare are included in the accessibility calculation. This study uses the Gini coefficient and Lorenz curve to evaluate and compare inequality in access to transportation facilities and medical opportunities through bus and car. The results showed that the central areas of Isfahan had a higher accessibility potential than other areas due to the high density of land use and transportation facilities (i.e., stations and various public transportation lines). In general, access by public transportation was lower than the private car, and the lack of public transportation facilities increased the accessibility gap between public transportation and private cars.