بررسی اثر عادت به رانندگی بر تغییر وسیله در پاسخ به سیاستهای مدیریتی حمل و نقل

شاهنگیان, ریحانه سادات

بررسی اثر عادت به رانندگی بر تغییر وسیله در پاسخ به سیاستهای مدیریتی حمل و نقل

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسنده

ریحانه سادات شاهنگیان

استادیار، مؤسسه عالی آموزش و پژوهش مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

یکی از دلایل عدم توفیق در ایجاد تمایل به تغییر وسیله در رانندگان، تبدیل شدن رانندگی به عادتی برای آنهاست. اهمیت این مسأله وقتی روشن می‌شود که اعمال سیاست‌های مدیریت تقاضای حمل ونقل با هدف کاهش استفاده از خودروی شخصی مد نظر باشد. این مطالعه با در نظر گرفتن دو گروه از رانندگان؛ دسته‌ای که هر روز برای رسیدن به محل کار خود رانندگی می‌کنند و دسته‌ای که بعضی از روزهای هفته با وسیله نقلیه شخصی به محل کار خود می‌روند و بقیه روزهای هفته از سایر وسایل استفاده می‌کنند؛ و با استفاده از مدل لوجیت دوگانه، نشان می‌دهد که در شرایط مواجهه با سیاست‌های مدیریت تقاضا واکنش افرادی که عادت به استفاده هرروزه از سواری شخصی دارند در مقایسه با کسانی که گاهی از وسایلی غیر از سواری شخصی استفاده می‌کنند متفاوت است. همچنین این مطالعه بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده پیشنهاد می-کند که برای ایجاد تغییر در وسیله سفر انتخابی این دو گروه، از سیاست‌های مختلف مدیریت تقاضا، متناسب با تفاوت‌های آنها، استفاده شود. بر اساس نتایج این مطالعه کسانی که عادت به رانندگی دارند از سیاست‌های بهبود حمل و نقل همگانی تأثیر نمی‌پذیرند و تنها سیاست‌های بازدارنده استفاده از خودروی شخصی در تغییر وسیله آنها عاملی معنادار شناخته می‌شود. در حالی که در مورد کسانی که عادت به استفاده هرروزه از خودروی شخصی ندارند هر دو گروه سیاستی معنادار هستند. پژوهش حاضر بر اساس نتایج ادبیات تحقیق که به اهمیت اثر شکسته شدن عادت رانندگی بر انتخاب سایر وسایل اشاره کرده است، پیشنهاد می کند که با حذف سیاست اعطای سالانه مجوز طرح ترافیک امکان شکست عادت افرادی که هر روزه رانندگی می کنند فراهم شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.20086598.1397.10.1.9.2

موضوعات

مهندسی حمل و نقل

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Driving Habit on Change Mode in Response to Transportation Demand Management Policies

نویسنده [English]

ReyhanehSadat Shahangian

Assistant Professor, Institute for Management and Policy Studies (IMPS), Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

OOne of the reasons of drivers' disinterest towards changing travel mode is that driving is a habit for them. The importance of the fact reveals more when transportation demand management (TDM) policies are implemented to reduce car-use. As in most efforts the aimed reduction in car-share won't achieved, researchers believe that the better we understand the factors affecting the mode choice behavior, the better we could estimate travel demand management policies' outcome. This paper pays attention to two groups of commuter drivers to the central business district (CBD) of Tehran, one with strong driving habit (who drive to work/school daily) and the other who just drive some of the week days to work/school. Using binary logit models, it shows that mode choice behavior of people with driving habit is different from others with no strong habit, when both groups face a TDM policy package. It also uses the results to suggest some relevant policies to increase mode shift from car for each of the two groups separately. Models show that commuters with driving habit do not change their mode in response to transit service improvement strategies, while others with no strong driving habit do so. According to the literature a defect in driving habit may cause commuters to think of other modes, so the present research suggests to eliminate the yearly pass to CBD to make such a crack in driving habit of the owners of the pass and make them to think over using other modes rather than driving daily.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Transportation demand management
mode choice
driving habit
binary logit model

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