بهینه‌سازی تعداد و عرض درب‌های اتوبوس‌ها با استفاده از شبیه‌سازی جریان مسافر در شرایط شلوغی به منظور کاهش زمان توقف

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه اصفهان

2 دانشکده مهندسی عمران و حمل‌ونقل، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

3 دانشگاه زنجان

چکیده

زمان توقف اتوبوس‌ها در خطوط حمل‌ونقل همگانی نقش بسزایی در زمانبندی صحیح و به موقع رسیدن دارد. از آنجا که این زمان متاثر از شیوه سوار و پیاده شدن مسافران دارد، بنابراین می­تواند بخش قابل ملاحظه­ای از کل زمان سفر را به خود اختصاص دهد. زمان توقف در ساعات اوج که تقاضای سفر در بالاترین سطح خود قرار دارد می­تواند به صورت قابل توجهی رشد کند، چرا که در چنین شرایطی شلوغی داخل وسیله می­تواند برخورد و اصطکاک میان مسافران را افزایش دهد و روند سوار و پیاده شدن آن­ها را با کندی مواجه نماید. بدین منظور، مطالعه حاضر قصد دارد با بهره­گیری از ابزارهای شبیه­ساز، جریان مسافران هنگام سوار و پیاده شدن را شبیه­سازی نموده و با تغییر در ویژگی­های وسیله نقلیه از جمله تعداد و عرض درب­ها این فرآیند را تسریع نماید. مطالعه حاضر ضمن معرفی یک ابزار قدرتمند در زمینه شبیه‌سازی جریان مسافران در شرایط شلوغی، نشان داد یکی از راه‌های موثر در کاهش زمان توقف، طراحی فیزیک اتوبوس بصورت بهینه می‌باشد. پس از بررسی سناریوهای مختلف، افزایش تعداد درب‌های اتوبوس به عنوان برترین سناریو شناسایی شد که تا حد امکان قادر است فرآیند سوار و پیاده شدن را تسریع نماید و زمان توقف را 6/37 درصد کاهش دهد. تعریض درب‌ها و تغییر در الگوی سوار و پیاده شدن مسافران نیز می‌توانند به عنوان سایر راهکارها مورد توجه طراحان و سیاست‌گذاران قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimizing the Bus’s Number of Doors and their Width by means of Passengers’ Flow Simulation under Congestion to Reduce Dwell Time

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Mohammad Sadrani 1
  • Ahmad Reza Jafarian Moghaddam 2
  • Mohsen Aboutalebi Esfahani 1
  • Amir Masoud Rahimi 3
1 University of Isfahan
2 Faculty of Civil Engineering and Transportation, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
3 University of Zanjan
چکیده [English]

Bus dwell times on urban bus operations play a critical role in correct scheduling and punctuality. Dwell time, since it is the amount of time at which boarding and alighting processes are performed, can account for the vast majority of the total travel time. Under peak load conditions, dwell time can experience a remarkable rise due to the friction existing between on-board passengers. The purpose of this study is to provide a number of strategies which are able to reduce the amount of dwell time. To do this, the previous studies in which the dwell time has been modeled by taking account of on-board crowding are investigated. Moreover, the present study simulates the flow of passengers by means of simulation tools to determine the optimal bus layout, including the optimal number of doors and their width. Being able to predict how a bus design affects passenger flow would consequently be highly valuable during bus development. The results show that the increase in bus doors can lead to a sharp decline by 37.6 percent in dwell time over considering three scenarios. Furthermore, increasing the width of doors and improving boarding policy can reduce bus dwell time.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Public transport
  • In-vehicle congestion
  • Dwell time
  • Bus layout
  • Passenger flow simulation

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 19 فروردین 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 30 اردیبهشت 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 05 مرداد 1400

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