Feasibility and Implementation of Complete Street in Iran in order to Achieve Neighborhood-based Sustainable Development (Case Study: Iranzamin Street, Shahrak-e Qods Neighborhood, Tehran)

Document Type : Scientific - Research

Authors
Ali Khaksari
Elnaz Naseri
Mahmud Saffarzadeh
Abstract
Cities are designed and built by human for human. Different components of a city, such as buildings and roads are all designed and built purposefully. Horizontal and vertical expansion of today’s cities is a necessity which has brought motorization and automobile dependence and consequently the expansion of roads became a requirement and not a choice. But cities can only be sustainable and viable if there is a balance in infrastructures and uses. Traditional and common thoughts based on demand can no longer be an appropriate answer to providing accessibility and human needs in the cities. That is why cities may be turned into parking lots and lose their efficiency and quality. One of the important impacts of automobile dependency is expose of cars on the city spaces. In other words, the city becomes a car-oriented city, where people are at the service of cars, not cars at the service of people. Modern ideas and plans are trying to make the city and transportation more and more human-oriented.
One of these plans in the area of urban and transportation planning is called “Complete Street”. The complete street plan is a strategy which can simultaneously provide neighborhoods with safety, convenience and easy accessibility for pedestrians, bikers, drivers of public transport and the drivers. This paper is intended to first introduce the concept of complete street, and then to study the feasibility of implementing the plan in Iranzamain street, a street in Shahrak-e Qods in north east of Tehran. Research method in this project is both qualitative and quantitative. The analysis of the quantitative data is done by using SPSS software. Three different designs of turning the street into a complete street are introduced and the best design based on the scores of sustainable development is chosen. Findings show that Iranzamin Street has the appropriate capacity to become a “complete street” according to the sustainable development criteria.
Keywords
Complete Street
sustainable development
Tehran
Neighborhood
Transport Planning
- جعفری، رضا (1389) " کارگاه آموزشی خیابان کامل"، دهمین کنفرانس بین‎المللی مهندسی حمل‌ونقل و ترافیک.
- چپ من، دیوید (1384) "آفرینش محلات و مکان­ها در محیط انسان ساخت"، ترجمه شهرزاد فریادی و منوچهر طبیبیان، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران
- حبیبی، محسن و مسائلی، صدیقه (1378) "سرانه کاربریهای شهری"، سازمان ملی زمین و مسکن، وزارت مسکن و شهرسازی، تهران
- خاکساری، علی (1388) "محله های شهری در ایران" انتشارات پزوهشگاه علوم انسانی، چاپ دوم
- دانشنامه آزاد ویکی‌پدیا (2012) " جایگاه خیابان ایران زمین در شهرک قدس"، .www.fa.wikipedia.org
- زیاری، کرامت الله (1383) "برنامه‏ریزی شهری‏های جدید"، تهران، انتشارت سمت، ص. 17-18.
- شهرداری تهران(1385) "شناسنامه اجتماعی محلات شهری منطقه دو شهرداری تهران"،  معاونت اجتماعی شهرداری منطقه دو تهران (1385).
- مرکز آمار ایران (1385) "سرشماری عمومی‏نفوس و مسکن"،  انتشارات سازمان آمار ایران .
- مهندسین مشاور معمار و شهرساز سراوند (1385) " طرح تفصیلی منطقه دو مرکز مطالعات و برنامه‌ریزی شهر تهران" تهران: مهندسین مشاور معمار و شهرساز سراوند
- میلادی، مهدی (1390) " برنامه‏ریزی کاربری زمین شهری به منظور صرفه جویی در مصرف سوخت؛ نمونه مورد بررسی: محله 11 (شهرک قدس) منطقه 2 شهرداری تهران"، رساله کارشناسی ارشد برنامه‏ریزی شهری، دانشگاه علوم و تحقیقات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران.
- ناصری، الناز (1391) "امکان‌سنجی اجرای طرح خیابان کامل در ایران برای دستیابی به توسعه پایدار محله‌محور"، رساله کارشناسی ارشد رشته برنامه‌ریزی شهری و منطقه‌ای، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی.
- McCann, Barbara (2009) “Complete streets, Pedestrian- and bike-friendly street successes”, Source: On Common Ground, National Association of Realtors.
- McCann, Barbara (2009) “Introduction to complete streets”, Website www.completestreets.org, www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/bikeped/design.htm
- National Complete Streets Coalition (2005-2011) 1707 (202) 207-3355, info@completestreets.org “The benefits of complete streets” Website www.completestreets.org
- National Complete Streets Coalition (2005-2011) “Welcome to the National Complete Streets Coalition”, Website www.smartgrowthamerica.org
- National Complete Street Coalition (2012) “Complete Streets in California”, Report Feb 22, 2012
Quarterly Journal of Transportation Engineering
Volume 6, Issue 2 - Serial Number 2
Spring 2015
Pages 271-287

  • Receive Date 08 June 2015

Article View 2,969
PDF Download 14,798