بررسی اثر سن موتورسوار و عوامل محیطی بر ریسک تصادفات موتورسیکلت‌ براساس مفهوم مواجهه شبه‌القایی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه علم و صنعت، تهران، ایران

چکیده

اصلی‌ترین شاخص مواجهه جهت محاسبه ریسک تصادف، وسیله‌کیلومترپیموده شده‏است. مشکل عمده شاخص وسیله‌کیلومتر پیموده شده، کمبود اطلاعات بوده و این مشکل بویژه زمانی که شاخص مواجهه برای گروه خاصی از کاربران سیستم حمل‏ونقل (مانند رانندگان جوان) و یا شرایط خاصی (مانند زمان شب) لازم باشد، دوچندان می‏شود. از این‌رو محققان شاخصهای مواجهه غیرمستقیم مانند مواجهه القایی و مواجهه شبه‌القایی را برای رفع این مشکلات پیشنهاد کرده‏اند. در این مطالعه اثر یک عامل انسانی (سن) و سه عامل محیطی شامل نوع منطقه (درون‌شهری، برون‌شهری)، هندسه محل (مستقیم، قوس افقی) و روشنایی (روز، شب) بر ریسک مقصر بودن راکب موتورسیکلت بررسی می‏شود. روش تحقیق برمبنای مفهوم مواجهه شبه‌القایی است که مطابق فرض اساسی این روش رانندگان غیرمقصر در تصادفات دووسیله‌ای با یک راننده مقصر و یک راننده غیرمقصر، نمونه تصادفی از کل رانندگان حاضر در جاده در زمان تصادف هستند. داده‏های مطالعه، مربوط به تصادفات ترافیکی سال 1390 در ایران بوده و در مجموع 39014 نمونه جهت تحلیل انتخاب شده‏اند. نتایج نشان می‏دهند که احتمال مقصربودن رانندگان جوان و کهنسال بیش از رانندگان میانسال بوده و عوامل محیطی شامل برون‌شهری بودن منطقه (RR=1.25,Sig<.006)، وجود قوس در مسیر (RR=1.31,Sig<.012) و تصادف در هنگام روز(RR=1.12,Sig<.026)، سبب افزایش احتمال مقصربودن راکب موتورسیکلت می‏شود. درنهایت اقداماتی مانند احداث مسیرهای ویژه موتورسیکلت در جاده‌های برون‌شهری، نظارت بیشتر بر معاینه فنی سیستم روشنایی موتورسیکلت، آموزش عملی به موتورسیکلت‌سواران در زمینه افزایش مهارت و آموزش در زمینه آگاهی از خطرات موتورسیکلت جهت کاهش ریسک تصادفات موتورسیکلت پیشنهاد می‏شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation Effect of Driver's Age and Environmental Factors on Risk of Motorcycle Accident Based On Concept of Quasi-Induced Exposure

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Tavakolli Kashani
  • Rahim Rabieian
چکیده [English]

Accident risk equal to the number of accidents for a given exposure index is an appropriate measure to evaluate the effects of various factors on the occurrence of the accident. The main exposure index used to calculate accident risk, vehicle- kilometers are traveled. The main problem of vehicle-kilometers covered by this lack of information, especially when exposed to a specific group of users of the transport system (eg young drivers) or special circumstances (e.g. during the night) is to be doubled. The researchers therefore indirect measures of exposure such as the induced and the quasi-induced exposure to solve this problem have been proposed. In this studyinfluence of human factor (age) and environmental factors, including location (urban, rural), site geometry (straight, curve horizontal) and lighting (day, night), in risk of motorcycle driver at-fault in accident investigated. the Method was based on concept of quasi-induced exposure that based on innocent drivers /riders in two-vehicle accident with one-fault and one non-fault can be considered as a sample of the total population of drivers in time of accident.Data related to traffic accidents in 1390 in Iran which a total of 39,014 samples for analysis were.The results show that probability of at-fault younger and older drivers are more than middle-aged drivers and environmental factors, including rural (RR=1.25, Sig<.006), curve (RR=1.31, Sig<.012) and day (RR=1.12, Sig<.026) increase probability of at-fault motorcycle drivers.Also effects of environmental factor on young drivers are most of the other drivers and lighting effect in urban and direct routes are less than rural routes and horizontal curves.Finally construction special routes in rural routes for motorcycle,more monitoring in inspection of the motorcycle lighting system, practical training in increasing skills and education of drivers about the dangers of motorcycle to reduce risk of motorcycle accidents are suggested.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Accident
  • Motorcycle
  • Quasi-Induced Exposure
  • Relative risk
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