Parseh Designers Transportation Research InstituteQuarterly Journal of Transportation Engineering2008-659816220241221Developing a Multi-Objective Mathematical Model of a Vehicle Routing Problem for Fuel Transportation with Time Windows and Environmental FactorsDeveloping a Multi-Objective Mathematical Model of a Vehicle Routing Problem for Fuel Transportation with Time Windows and Environmental Factors434943619004910.22119/jte.2024.90049FAElhamJalilibalM.Sc. student, School of Industrial Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranRezaTavakkoli-MoghaddamProfessor, School of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-6757-926XHasanJavanshirAssistant Professor, School of Industrial Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20150818This paper considers a vehicle routing problem (VRP) for fuel transportation with time windows and environmental factors. In the presented model, in addition to minimizing the cost and risk reduction, balancing the path of the vehicle is taking into account with environmental impacts in order to find the safest path for the vehicle considering the economical aspects. The selected routes for the vehicles should be determined to do not exceed the certain amount of environmental air pollution. In the previous studies related to the vehicle routing for fuel transportation, there was no any study considering these three objectives with regard to environmental consequences. Due to such an NP-hard problem to solve large-scale problem, two meta-heuristic algorithms, namely NSGA-II and MOVDO, are proposed and the Taguchi method is used to tune the related parameters. The five indices are used to compare the performance of the foregoing algorithms. Finally, to assess the applicability of the presented model, 15 problems with different sizes are considered. Finally, the results obtained by each of these two algorithms are explained. The results obtained by solving the problems with different sizes show the appropriate efficiency and effectiveness in solving the large-sized problems in a short computational time.This paper considers a vehicle routing problem (VRP) for fuel transportation with time windows and environmental factors. In the presented model, in addition to minimizing the cost and risk reduction, balancing the path of the vehicle is taking into account with environmental impacts in order to find the safest path for the vehicle considering the economical aspects. The selected routes for the vehicles should be determined to do not exceed the certain amount of environmental air pollution. In the previous studies related to the vehicle routing for fuel transportation, there was no any study considering these three objectives with regard to environmental consequences. Due to such an NP-hard problem to solve large-scale problem, two meta-heuristic algorithms, namely NSGA-II and MOVDO, are proposed and the Taguchi method is used to tune the related parameters. The five indices are used to compare the performance of the foregoing algorithms. Finally, to assess the applicability of the presented model, 15 problems with different sizes are considered. Finally, the results obtained by each of these two algorithms are explained. The results obtained by solving the problems with different sizes show the appropriate efficiency and effectiveness in solving the large-sized problems in a short computational time.https://jte.sinaweb.net/article_90049_3cef7ae8c46e3dbbe1dfaea0e28c294c.pdfParseh Designers Transportation Research InstituteQuarterly Journal of Transportation Engineering2008-659816220241221Green Wave Cycle of Traffic Lights and its Effect on Air and Noise PollutionGreen Wave Cycle of Traffic Lights and its Effect on Air and Noise Pollution4363437819183110.22119/jte.2024.395517.2665FAMohammad HosseinBiglarmazlaghaniM.Sc., Faculty of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Damavand Branch, Damavand, IranMahdiYazdanpanahAssistant Professor, Department of Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Garmsar, Garmsar, Iran0000-0001-7411-4017AliDehghanbanadakiAssistant Professor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Damavand Branch, Damavand, IranJournal Article20230502Traffic of vehicles is one of the main contributors to air and noise pollution in modern cities. By implementing a proper traffic management system, environmental and noise pollution can be reduced to a desirable level. In this study, a part of the traffic network on Farjam, Somayeh and Taleghani streets in Tehran has been evaluated under two traffic control conditions: fixed cycle and green wave. Synchro software and LowVolumeTool were used to calculate noise and air pollution. As a result of switching from a fixed mode to a green wave cycle mode, the average emissions of CO, NOx, and VOCs in Farjam Street decreased by 15, 14 and 11%, respectively; whereas on Somayeh Street, they decreased by 2%, and on Taleghani Street, they decreased by 6, 10 and 6%, respectively. The fuel consumption, average delay, and number of stops on Farjam Street decreased by 15, 3, and 23 percent respectively, while these values decreased respectively by 2, 5 and 12 percent on Somayeh Street. On Taleghani Street, fuel consumption and stop numbers decreased by 6 and 16 percent, respectively, during the same period, the average delay increased by one percent. As compared to the fixed cycle, noise pollution has increased in Farjam Street, while there has been no significant change in Somayeh Street and Taleghani Street. In this study, the justification for utilizing the green wave instead of fixed traffic light timing as well as its effects on air and noise pollution have been analyzed.Traffic of vehicles is one of the main contributors to air and noise pollution in modern cities. By implementing a proper traffic management system, environmental and noise pollution can be reduced to a desirable level. In this study, a part of the traffic network on Farjam, Somayeh and Taleghani streets in Tehran has been evaluated under two traffic control conditions: fixed cycle and green wave. Synchro software and LowVolumeTool were used to calculate noise and air pollution. As a result of switching from a fixed mode to a green wave cycle mode, the average emissions of CO, NOx, and VOCs in Farjam Street decreased by 15, 14 and 11%, respectively; whereas on Somayeh Street, they decreased by 2%, and on Taleghani Street, they decreased by 6, 10 and 6%, respectively. The fuel consumption, average delay, and number of stops on Farjam Street decreased by 15, 3, and 23 percent respectively, while these values decreased respectively by 2, 5 and 12 percent on Somayeh Street. On Taleghani Street, fuel consumption and stop numbers decreased by 6 and 16 percent, respectively, during the same period, the average delay increased by one percent. As compared to the fixed cycle, noise pollution has increased in Farjam Street, while there has been no significant change in Somayeh Street and Taleghani Street. In this study, the justification for utilizing the green wave instead of fixed traffic light timing as well as its effects on air and noise pollution have been analyzed.https://jte.sinaweb.net/article_191831_b5870795b849ce8888748b792579bea6.pdfParseh Designers Transportation Research InstituteQuarterly Journal of Transportation Engineering2008-659816220241221Study of Microsurfacing Mixture Performance Containing Copper Slag Powder as Substitute for Natural Filler: A Laboratory EvaluationStudy of Microsurfacing Mixture Performance Containing Copper Slag Powder as Substitute for Natural Filler: A Laboratory Evaluation4379440117753610.22119/jte.2023.397692.2666FAMaryamZaroukM.Sc. Highways and Transportation, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Shomal University, Mazandaran, AmolAmirIzadiAssistant Professor, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Shomal University, Mazandaran, AmolMahdiZalnezhadPhD Candidate, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran City, Iran0000-0002-8270-4233Journal Article20230517An efficient approach to preventive maintenance and protection of asphalt pavement is the timely application of microsurfacing surface treatment. The present study was performed to study the feasibility and effectiveness of using waste copper slag powder to replace natural filler in the microsurfacing mixture design in an attempt to evaluate its performance. In this respect, first, characteristics of the aggregate and the waste copper slag powder were investigated. Next, five different microsurfacing mixtures in which the natural filler was replaced by the copper powder at 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% were used to analyze the performance of the microsurfacing mixtures. Evaluation and comparative analysis of the samples were conducted based on wet cohesion test (30 and 60 min), wet track abrasion test (1 hr), loaded wheel-sand adhesion test, and loaded-wheel-displacement test according to ASTM D6372 standard practice. Results showed that the presence of the waste copper powder improved the microsurfacing performance. Moreover, among the studied samples, the asphalt mixture in which the filler was 100% replaced by the copper powder exhibited the highest performance. Indeed, compared to the non-modified sample (i.e., control), it exhibited 25.8 and 27.3% higher cohesion in the 30- and 60-min wet cohesion tests, respectively, 33% lower sensitivity to wetness, and 30% lower vertical displacement under the effect of traffic load. Compared with the control, the asphalt mixture containing the copper powder at 100% was seen to require 2% lower bitumen emulsion to achieve desired cohesion within a given period of time.An efficient approach to preventive maintenance and protection of asphalt pavement is the timely application of microsurfacing surface treatment. The present study was performed to study the feasibility and effectiveness of using waste copper slag powder to replace natural filler in the microsurfacing mixture design in an attempt to evaluate its performance. In this respect, first, characteristics of the aggregate and the waste copper slag powder were investigated. Next, five different microsurfacing mixtures in which the natural filler was replaced by the copper powder at 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% were used to analyze the performance of the microsurfacing mixtures. Evaluation and comparative analysis of the samples were conducted based on wet cohesion test (30 and 60 min), wet track abrasion test (1 hr), loaded wheel-sand adhesion test, and loaded-wheel-displacement test according to ASTM D6372 standard practice. Results showed that the presence of the waste copper powder improved the microsurfacing performance. Moreover, among the studied samples, the asphalt mixture in which the filler was 100% replaced by the copper powder exhibited the highest performance. Indeed, compared to the non-modified sample (i.e., control), it exhibited 25.8 and 27.3% higher cohesion in the 30- and 60-min wet cohesion tests, respectively, 33% lower sensitivity to wetness, and 30% lower vertical displacement under the effect of traffic load. Compared with the control, the asphalt mixture containing the copper powder at 100% was seen to require 2% lower bitumen emulsion to achieve desired cohesion within a given period of time.https://jte.sinaweb.net/article_177536_b51eb4b6cf65b93ce40fa8502a976c91.pdfParseh Designers Transportation Research InstituteQuarterly Journal of Transportation Engineering2008-659816220241221An Approach for Locating Logistics Centers (Case study: West Azarbaijan province)An Approach for Locating Logistics Centers (Case study: West Azarbaijan province)4403442018636910.22119/jte.2023.404703.2671FASohrabAbdollahzadehAssociate Professor, Department of Industrial Technologies, Urmia University of Technology, Urmia, Iran0000-0002-8216-6623Journal Article20230630The location of logistics centers is of great importance for large-scale investments. Scientific studies have focused more on the location of logistics centers using multi-criteria decision-making methods. In this research, a novel approach for locating all types of logistics centers, including urban, rural, specialized logistics parks, and border logistics, at the provincial level is presented using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) method. For the first time, counties have been categorized into logistics centers using the provincial development document. To select and weight the criteria for logistics centers, the fuzzy Delphi method was used. For validation, the proposed approach was applied in West Azerbaijan province, where no county was selected as a logistics city. Additionally, two counties were identified as rural logistics centers, four counties as specialized logistics parks, and five border logistics centers were ranked. This approach, as a comprehensive model, can be applied in all provinces.The location of logistics centers is of great importance for large-scale investments. Scientific studies have focused more on the location of logistics centers using multi-criteria decision-making methods. In this research, a novel approach for locating all types of logistics centers, including urban, rural, specialized logistics parks, and border logistics, at the provincial level is presented using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) method. For the first time, counties have been categorized into logistics centers using the provincial development document. To select and weight the criteria for logistics centers, the fuzzy Delphi method was used. For validation, the proposed approach was applied in West Azerbaijan province, where no county was selected as a logistics city. Additionally, two counties were identified as rural logistics centers, four counties as specialized logistics parks, and five border logistics centers were ranked. This approach, as a comprehensive model, can be applied in all provinces.https://jte.sinaweb.net/article_186369_7b8867c52722069292bf340808163c9e.pdfParseh Designers Transportation Research InstituteQuarterly Journal of Transportation Engineering2008-659816220241221The Determination of Inconsistency Indicators in Rural Roads using Open-Source Geometric Data and Investigating Its Relationship with Accident TypesThe Determination of Inconsistency Indicators in Rural Roads using Open-Source Geometric Data and Investigating Its Relationship with Accident Types4421444118761510.22119/jte.2024.404186.2672FAMohammadrezaKheyrandishM.Sc., Department of Geotechnical and Transportation Engineering, School of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IranSinaSahebiAssistant Professor, Department of Geotechnical and Transportation Engineering, School of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-6749-5082HamidMadanyB.Sc., Department of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System, School of Geography, Tehran University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20230711In general, the consistency of the geometric design measures the level of relationship between the driver's expectations and the behavior of the road geometry and it is an important factor in road accidents. Evaluation of road geometry by inconsistency indices requires road geometry information and an operating speed profile. Due to the lack of road geometric information in Iran, it is difficult to study this field. In this research, the method of obtaining road geometric information from street maps was first discussed, and then, based on this information and operating speed models, the speed profile was drawn for the road under study. After applying the segmentation methods, for each of them, the relationship between inconsistency indices and types of accidents has been investigated by safety performance functions with a Poisson or negative binomial model. The results showed that the inconsistency indices have a significant effect on overturning type accidents. In terms of significance level, Castello's inconsistency index, which is calculated using the inertial speed (for each point by weighting the operating speed in a certain period of time before that point) showed the best relationship with overturning accidents on two lane rural road. The development of inertial speed calculation methods and optimization of Castello's inconsistency index relationship with overturning accidents, showed that the value of the time interval before each point is 14 seconds and the value of alpha equal to 4.1 has the best performance in predicting overturning accidents.In general, the consistency of the geometric design measures the level of relationship between the driver's expectations and the behavior of the road geometry and it is an important factor in road accidents. Evaluation of road geometry by inconsistency indices requires road geometry information and an operating speed profile. Due to the lack of road geometric information in Iran, it is difficult to study this field. In this research, the method of obtaining road geometric information from street maps was first discussed, and then, based on this information and operating speed models, the speed profile was drawn for the road under study. After applying the segmentation methods, for each of them, the relationship between inconsistency indices and types of accidents has been investigated by safety performance functions with a Poisson or negative binomial model. The results showed that the inconsistency indices have a significant effect on overturning type accidents. In terms of significance level, Castello's inconsistency index, which is calculated using the inertial speed (for each point by weighting the operating speed in a certain period of time before that point) showed the best relationship with overturning accidents on two lane rural road. The development of inertial speed calculation methods and optimization of Castello's inconsistency index relationship with overturning accidents, showed that the value of the time interval before each point is 14 seconds and the value of alpha equal to 4.1 has the best performance in predicting overturning accidents.https://jte.sinaweb.net/article_187615_17846daa8dbef5cdd53a7e2a78653fbc.pdfParseh Designers Transportation Research InstituteQuarterly Journal of Transportation Engineering2008-659816220241221Visual Monitoring of Railway Obstacles using Deep Learning-Based MethodsVisual Monitoring of Railway Obstacles using Deep Learning-Based Methods4443446018637010.22119/jte.2023.406622.2673FASiminKoulaeianM.Sc., Department of Control and Signaling engineering, school of Railway Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, IranMohammadSandidzadehAssociate Professor, school of Railway Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-4606-1939Journal Article20230712One significant aspect contributing to the overall improvement of railway operations and safety is the detection of obstacles along the tracks. This advancement not only enhances the efficiency of rail transport but also ensures greater accuracy and reliability. Thanks to recent advancements in artificial intelligence technologies, obstacle detection, and self-driving methods have witnessed remarkable progress. In this project, a structure has been designed that enables the real-time detection of obstacles on the train track with a balance between accuracy and volume of calculations. The proposed method involves identifying the train path and checking for the presence of obstacles in this area. Three segmentation models, PAN+SE-ResNet, PAN+EfficientNet, and PAN+NF-Net, were designed, trained, and validated by a set of color images. Results show that the PAN+NF-Net rail segmentation model is more accurate than the other two models with a few tenths of a percent difference. Meanwhile, the computing load of the PAN+EfficientNet model is about half and one-fifth of the computational load of the PAN+NF-Net and PAN+SE-ResNet models, and it offers faster processing speed. To design the object recognition model, the fifth and seventh versions of the YOLO algorithm were trained by a dataset. The results show that the accuracy of the YOLOV7 model in detecting obstacles is 17.6 percent higher than the accuracy of the YOLOV5 model. Finally, obstacle detection Operation was accomplished by checking for overlaps between the mask of the train's path and the bounding boxes predicted by the object detection model.One significant aspect contributing to the overall improvement of railway operations and safety is the detection of obstacles along the tracks. This advancement not only enhances the efficiency of rail transport but also ensures greater accuracy and reliability. Thanks to recent advancements in artificial intelligence technologies, obstacle detection, and self-driving methods have witnessed remarkable progress. In this project, a structure has been designed that enables the real-time detection of obstacles on the train track with a balance between accuracy and volume of calculations. The proposed method involves identifying the train path and checking for the presence of obstacles in this area. Three segmentation models, PAN+SE-ResNet, PAN+EfficientNet, and PAN+NF-Net, were designed, trained, and validated by a set of color images. Results show that the PAN+NF-Net rail segmentation model is more accurate than the other two models with a few tenths of a percent difference. Meanwhile, the computing load of the PAN+EfficientNet model is about half and one-fifth of the computational load of the PAN+NF-Net and PAN+SE-ResNet models, and it offers faster processing speed. To design the object recognition model, the fifth and seventh versions of the YOLO algorithm were trained by a dataset. The results show that the accuracy of the YOLOV7 model in detecting obstacles is 17.6 percent higher than the accuracy of the YOLOV5 model. Finally, obstacle detection Operation was accomplished by checking for overlaps between the mask of the train's path and the bounding boxes predicted by the object detection model.https://jte.sinaweb.net/article_186370_98ef07c091cd100a43ab700f3487894f.pdfParseh Designers Transportation Research InstituteQuarterly Journal of Transportation Engineering2008-659816220241221A Novel Bayesian Convolutional Neural Network with Variational Dropout in Crash Severity EstimationA Novel Bayesian Convolutional Neural Network with Variational Dropout in Crash Severity Estimation4461447418113710.22119/jte.2023.413996.2676FAAliTavakoli KashaniAssociate Professor, Department of Transportation Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, IranOmidAbdolhoseinpoor MahjoubianMSc Transportation Engineering, Department of Transportation Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, IranJournal Article20230830Due to high socio-economical costs of traffic crashes, accident injury prediction is an important aspect in safety related studies. Although statistical methods have been traditionally applied in crash severity prediction, there are some limitations regarding their application, hence limiting their usage in various tasks? With the aim of overcoming such limitations, Machine Learning methods have been developed and successfully applied in numerous fields including traffic safety. Deep Neural Networks are a field of research in Machine Learning which have been able to achieve state of the art performance in variety of fields. However, their usage has been limited in safety critical fields due to number of drawbacks. The current study addresses two of such drawbacks; namely, their inability to provide uncertainty measures in their predictions and time consuming hyperparameter optimization, due to high computational complexity. Hence, the current study proposed a novel approach to Deep Neural Networks. The proposed LRT-CNN-VD model aims to provide uncertainty measures using Bayesian Neural Networks, and simultaneously provides a Bayesian justification for Dropout regularization which renders grid search methods for regularization’s hyperparameter tuning useless. In order to evaluate our model’s performance, comparisons are made between the proposed model and two Convolutional Neural Network models and a binary Logistic Regression model. Results show improvement across different evaluation metrics, and regularization performance on par with dropout regularization.Due to high socio-economical costs of traffic crashes, accident injury prediction is an important aspect in safety related studies. Although statistical methods have been traditionally applied in crash severity prediction, there are some limitations regarding their application, hence limiting their usage in various tasks? With the aim of overcoming such limitations, Machine Learning methods have been developed and successfully applied in numerous fields including traffic safety. Deep Neural Networks are a field of research in Machine Learning which have been able to achieve state of the art performance in variety of fields. However, their usage has been limited in safety critical fields due to number of drawbacks. The current study addresses two of such drawbacks; namely, their inability to provide uncertainty measures in their predictions and time consuming hyperparameter optimization, due to high computational complexity. Hence, the current study proposed a novel approach to Deep Neural Networks. The proposed LRT-CNN-VD model aims to provide uncertainty measures using Bayesian Neural Networks, and simultaneously provides a Bayesian justification for Dropout regularization which renders grid search methods for regularization’s hyperparameter tuning useless. In order to evaluate our model’s performance, comparisons are made between the proposed model and two Convolutional Neural Network models and a binary Logistic Regression model. Results show improvement across different evaluation metrics, and regularization performance on par with dropout regularization.https://jte.sinaweb.net/article_181137_785c9940be869d46156f67055748e03a.pdfParseh Designers Transportation Research InstituteQuarterly Journal of Transportation Engineering2008-659816220241221Designing a Structural Model of Effective Measures to Create a Sustainable Road Transport System using a Fuzzy Interpretive Structural Modeling ApproachDesigning a Structural Model of Effective Measures to Create a Sustainable Road Transport System using a Fuzzy Interpretive Structural Modeling Approach4475449319183410.22119/jte.2024.415539.2680FAHamidShahbandarzadehAssociate Professor, , Industrial Management Department ,Faculty of Business and Economics, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, IranMohammadhosseinKabganiAssistant Professor, Industrial Management Department, Faculty of Business and Economics, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, IranMohammad AminDehmollaeiMaster's student, Department of Business Management, Faculty of Economics and Business Management, BushehrJournal Article20230912The development of a green and sustainable road transportation system is the best solution to overcome and achieve the transportation needs of the growing urban population and cargo transportation in front of megacities. This research has been conducted with the aim of systematic review of previous researches as well as identification of key elements and providing a model of effective measures to create a sustainable road transportation system in Bushehr province. By studying the relevant literature and using the textual content analysis approach, the number of seven indicators in the conceptual format of the sustainable transportation system including basic social, environmental and economic indicators were calculated, and in order to localize them, the Delphi technique was used in three rounds. . The statistical population of the research was made up of managers and experts familiar with the subject and working in the field of road and urban planning. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data, and its validity and reliability were also confirmed. In order to design a sustainable transportation model, an interpretive structural modeling approach was used in a fuzzy environment to manage linguistic ambiguities in judgments. The results of MiMak modeling and analysis showed that investment in the field of sustainable alternative energy, railway and road network development, infrastructure provision and urban space planning are among the basic and influential indicators in the field of sustainable transportation. Come Therefore, managers are suggested to emphasize and pay more attention to this group of indicators.The development of a green and sustainable road transportation system is the best solution to overcome and achieve the transportation needs of the growing urban population and cargo transportation in front of megacities. This research has been conducted with the aim of systematic review of previous researches as well as identification of key elements and providing a model of effective measures to create a sustainable road transportation system in Bushehr province. By studying the relevant literature and using the textual content analysis approach, the number of seven indicators in the conceptual format of the sustainable transportation system including basic social, environmental and economic indicators were calculated, and in order to localize them, the Delphi technique was used in three rounds. . The statistical population of the research was made up of managers and experts familiar with the subject and working in the field of road and urban planning. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data, and its validity and reliability were also confirmed. In order to design a sustainable transportation model, an interpretive structural modeling approach was used in a fuzzy environment to manage linguistic ambiguities in judgments. The results of MiMak modeling and analysis showed that investment in the field of sustainable alternative energy, railway and road network development, infrastructure provision and urban space planning are among the basic and influential indicators in the field of sustainable transportation. Come Therefore, managers are suggested to emphasize and pay more attention to this group of indicators.https://jte.sinaweb.net/article_191834_090d4909daa3cd62ffe20f316dcf58de.pdfParseh Designers Transportation Research InstituteQuarterly Journal of Transportation Engineering2008-659816220241221Effects of Road Pricing Policies on Customers’ Behavior in Traffic Congestion Area (Case Study: Tehran Traffic Scheme Zone)Effects of Road Pricing Policies on Customers’ Behavior in Traffic Congestion Area (Case Study: Tehran Traffic Scheme Zone)4495451019183510.22119/jte.2024.420208.2686FAMahmoodSaffarzadehProfessor of Transportation Planning, Civil Engineering & Environmental Faculty of Tarbiat Modares University0000-0002-9713-2776HamidMirzahosseinAssociate Professor of Civil-Transportation Planning, Engineering Faculty of Imam Khomeini International University0000-0001-5137-3673MehdiFaridzadMaster of Transportation Planning, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tarbiat Modares UniversityEbrahimAmiriMaster of Transportation Planning, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tarbiat Modares UniversityJournal Article20231010The growth of cities population has caused many problems in the large cities. Among the largest and most prominent are the high volume of vehicles in the passages of such cities, which have caused damaging effects such as pollution, disruption of public traffic, public disturbance, etc. in the central of cities area. One of the most important approaches used to manage demand and financial is the use of congestion pricing. Therefore, in this study investigates the pricing effects of Tehran traffic scheme on retailers and shops customers of this area. The target community of this research is the customers who shop inside the Tehran traffic plan and have the possibility of using a private car. For this purpose, a questionnaire has been designed using stated and revealed preferences methods, and it has been collected in the form of on-site questioning, and then its information has been evaluated by binary logit models and NLogit 5 software. The results show that the consumers of the three commercial land uses of apparels, bags and shoes, electronics and home appliances that are most in the range are sensitive to cordon pricing. For prices of scheme above 20,000 Tomans, the amount of customer changes for all three categories of goods is similar.The growth of cities population has caused many problems in the large cities. Among the largest and most prominent are the high volume of vehicles in the passages of such cities, which have caused damaging effects such as pollution, disruption of public traffic, public disturbance, etc. in the central of cities area. One of the most important approaches used to manage demand and financial is the use of congestion pricing. Therefore, in this study investigates the pricing effects of Tehran traffic scheme on retailers and shops customers of this area. The target community of this research is the customers who shop inside the Tehran traffic plan and have the possibility of using a private car. For this purpose, a questionnaire has been designed using stated and revealed preferences methods, and it has been collected in the form of on-site questioning, and then its information has been evaluated by binary logit models and NLogit 5 software. The results show that the consumers of the three commercial land uses of apparels, bags and shoes, electronics and home appliances that are most in the range are sensitive to cordon pricing. For prices of scheme above 20,000 Tomans, the amount of customer changes for all three categories of goods is similar.https://jte.sinaweb.net/article_191835_deb951952a7215684fc796c90be0ed36.pdfParseh Designers Transportation Research InstituteQuarterly Journal of Transportation Engineering2008-659816220241221The Ideal Pattern of Communicational Smart new Technology in Developing Urban ManagementThe Ideal Pattern of Communicational Smart new Technology in Developing Urban Management4511453018637110.22119/jte.2023.420954.2688FABibisadatMiresmailiAssistant Professor, Department of Media Management, Faculty of Humanities and Arts, Damavand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damavand, IranAfshinMohammadiAssistant Professor, Department of Media Management, Faculty of Humanities and Arts, Damavand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damavand, IranHamidrezaHosseini DanaAssistant Professor, Department of Media Management, Faculty of Humanities and Arts, Damavand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damavand, IranSeyyed RezaNaqib Al-SadatProfessor, Department of Communication Sciences, Faculty of Communication Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, IranMehdiAskari KachoosangiPh.D. student of media management, Department of Media Management, Faculty of Humanities and Arts, Damavand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damavand, IranJournal Article20231023The increasing growth of the urban population and the settlement of more than half of the world's population in cities has not only overshadowed the policies of urban development, but its consequences have played a major role in intensifying the economic, social, political, managerial and environmental problems of societies. Is. In these cases, the necessity of using new intelligent communication technologies as an irreplaceable solution to urban problems has been noticed by managers. Technological progress and the expansion of its application in urban societies have resulted in extensive changes in the conceptual dimensions, strategic importance and geographic concentration of urban services. Based on the purpose, this research is an applied-developmental research, because it seeks to find a suitable model for new intelligent communication technologies in the development of urban management. On the other hand, based on the method and time period of data collection, it is a descriptive (non-experimental) research that was conducted with a cross-sectional survey method. Also, from the perspective of the nature of the data, this study was conducted with a mixed exploratory method, that is, based on two quantitative and qualitative approaches. In the first part, based on library studies and then expert interviews, the indicators of new intelligent communication technologies in the development of urban management have been identified. After the qualitative analysis stage, questionnaires were distributed and data was collected from experts in the field of media and urban management, and the research entered the quantitative phase; from this point of view, the present study is a mixed research. The statistical population in the qualitative part includes 17 experts in the field of study and in the quantitative part it includes 370 people from media and urban management activists of the country. It is worth mentioning that in grounded theory analysis with MAXQD software, Fuzzy Delphi method with Matlab software and partial least squares with Smart PLS software were used.The increasing growth of the urban population and the settlement of more than half of the world's population in cities has not only overshadowed the policies of urban development, but its consequences have played a major role in intensifying the economic, social, political, managerial and environmental problems of societies. Is. In these cases, the necessity of using new intelligent communication technologies as an irreplaceable solution to urban problems has been noticed by managers. Technological progress and the expansion of its application in urban societies have resulted in extensive changes in the conceptual dimensions, strategic importance and geographic concentration of urban services. Based on the purpose, this research is an applied-developmental research, because it seeks to find a suitable model for new intelligent communication technologies in the development of urban management. On the other hand, based on the method and time period of data collection, it is a descriptive (non-experimental) research that was conducted with a cross-sectional survey method. Also, from the perspective of the nature of the data, this study was conducted with a mixed exploratory method, that is, based on two quantitative and qualitative approaches. In the first part, based on library studies and then expert interviews, the indicators of new intelligent communication technologies in the development of urban management have been identified. After the qualitative analysis stage, questionnaires were distributed and data was collected from experts in the field of media and urban management, and the research entered the quantitative phase; from this point of view, the present study is a mixed research. The statistical population in the qualitative part includes 17 experts in the field of study and in the quantitative part it includes 370 people from media and urban management activists of the country. It is worth mentioning that in grounded theory analysis with MAXQD software, Fuzzy Delphi method with Matlab software and partial least squares with Smart PLS software were used.https://jte.sinaweb.net/article_186371_516fee34f709218dc7e9aad9fedaad67.pdf